A model for prenatal toxicological studies in ruminants: evaluation of toxic effects caused by Senna occidentalis in goats / Proposta de modelo para o estudo de toxicologia perinatal em ruminantes: avaliação dos efeitos tóxicos da Senna occidentalis em caprinos

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Senna occidentalis (So - formerly Cassia occidentalis), Fabaceae-Caesalpinoideae (Leguminosae) is a weed growing in pastures and in cultivated fields such as corn and soybeans in many tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. Many reports have shown that So is toxic to different animal species. Histologic lesions plant-related are degeneration skeltal and cardiac muscles, liver and kidney. Recently was related leions in the central nervous system. Even so, very little is known about the possible effects of prolonged exposure at low doses of So on developmental toxicology. Thus, the present study proposes an approach to evaluate the perinatal toxicity from gestational intoxication of So seeds in goats. Third-eight pregnant goats were fed rations containing 0% (control group), 1% (So1 group), 2% (So2 group), 3% (So3) and 4% (So4 group) mature So seeds from pregnancy detection on day 27 after mating until parturition. Another group (LAC) was fed with ration containing 4 % of So seeds only in the lactation period; clinic observations such weight gains, general body status and serum biochemistry were evaluated. Fetuses were evaluated during the pregnancy using ultrasonographic measurements; neonates were evaluated after birth using body morphometry, weight gains, corporal status and serum biochemistry. Neurobehavioral tests was performed on kids from So3 group. In the So4 group was observed fetal dead from 2 dams, dead of one newborn and dead of one pregnant dam. None malformations was observed. Only a few minor alterations in serum biochemistry were observed in dams and kids; even so one So4 group dam had several and diffuse tissue lesions as vacuolations in hepatocytes; vacuolations in the endothelium of the convoluted tubules in kidneys, necrosis in skeletal and cardiac muscles, and for the first time vacuolation was observed in sciatic nerve. Alterations in body morphometry were observed only in kids from LAC group during first month of lactation. Also, tissue lesions was observed in these kids, showing the capacity of the diantrona (active principle of the palnt) be carried to milk. Neurobehavioral tests revealed deficit on learning hability in the So3 kids. Diantrone didnt was detected in milk samples. This study shows that, despite S. occidentalis isnt a powerfull teratogen when ate during gestation, can cause toxic effects on the fetus, as neurobehavioral test revealed. Protocol utilized here is usefull to study the potential teratogenic effects of drugs and other substancies whose an animal could be exposed.

ASSUNTO(S)

toxicologia perinatal perinatal toxicity caprinos avaliação neurocomportamental body morphometry goats toxicologia do desenvolvimento senna occidentalis developmental toxicology senna occidentalis

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