Aerosolized Cidofovir Is Retained in the Respiratory Tract and Protects Mice against Intranasal Cowpox Virus Challenge
AUTOR(ES)
Roy, Chad J.
FONTE
American Society for Microbiology
RESUMO
We employed a murine model to test the concept of using an aerosolized, long-acting antiviral drug to protect humans against smallpox. We previously showed that a low dose of aerosolized cidofovir (HPMPC [Vistide]) was highly protective against subsequent aerosolized cowpox virus challenge and was more effective than a much larger dose of drug given by injection, suggesting that aerosolized cidofovir is retained in the lung. Because the nephrotoxicity of cidofovir is a major concern in therapy, delivering the drug directly to the respiratory tract might be an effective prophylactic strategy that maximizes the tissue concentration at the site of initial viral replication, while minimizing its accumulation in the kidneys. In the present study, we found that treating mice with aerosolized 14C-labeled cidofovir (14C-cidofovir) resulted in the prolonged retention of radiolabeled drug in the lungs at levels greatly exceeding those in the kidneys. In contrast, subcutaneous injection produced much higher concentrations of 14C-cidofovir in the kidneys than in the lungs over the 96-h time course of the study. As further evidence of the protective efficacy of aerosolized cidofovir, we found that aerosol treatment before or after infection was highly protective in mice challenged intranasally with cowpox virus. All or nearly all mice that were treated once by aerosol, from 2 days before to 2 days after challenge, survived intranasal infection, whereas all placebo-treated animals died.
ACESSO AO ARTIGO
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=182607Documentos Relacionados
- Intranasal monoclonal immunoglobulin A against respiratory syncytial virus protects against upper and lower respiratory tract infections in mice.
- Efficacy of Multiple- or Single-Dose Cidofovir against Vaccinia and Cowpox Virus Infections in Mice
- Intranasal Immunization with Multivalent Group A Streptococcal Vaccines Protects Mice against Intranasal Challenge Infections
- Human respiratory syncytial virus glycoprotein G expressed from a recombinant vaccinia virus vector protects mice against live-virus challenge.
- Oral Treatment of Cowpox and Vaccinia Virus Infections in Mice with Ether Lipid Esters of Cidofovir