Aspectos epidemiológicos de Histoplasma capsulatum em morcegos em áreas urbanas do estado de São Paulo / Epidemiologic Aspects of Histoplasma capsulatum in bats from urban areas of State of São Paulo

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Systemic histoplamosis is an important health problem worldwide and a very common infection in endemic areas. Its causative agent, the thermodimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum varo capsulatum, grows in bat guano or bird droppings rich soils as filamentous fungi, or as parasitic intracellular yeast cells in hosts. Bats can be found in almost ali the world and contribute to the maintenance of this fungus in nature. In many cities in Brazil, bats are found in urban areas and in many situations: house basements and/or roofs, fallen in the soil or even inside the houses, among others. Between August 2003 and December 2008, 2,427 bats, 1,728 from São Paulo City (71.2%) and 699 from other cities from São Paulo State, were sent to the Micology Section of Centro de Controle de Zoonoses of São Paulo City. The purpose of this work was to establish the prevalence of H.capsulatum in bats of São Paulo City and other cities from São Paulo State. Samples of spleen and liver from the animais were removed in sterile conditions and inoculated in Brain Heart Infusion Agar and in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar, incubated at 25°C and 37°C. The suspicious colonies were inoculated in Mycosel Agar and were identified by the morphology, as well as by the temperature¬reversion after incubation in ML-egg yolk (Mueller Hinton Broth, with L-cysteine and hen egg yolk) at 37°C. Ali 87 positive samples (3.58%) were isolated from insectivorous bats from Molossidae family, belonging to four genus and five species: 74 samples were from the specie Molossus molossus, 10 from Nyctinomops macrotis, 1 from Molossus rufus, 1 from Tadarida brasiliensis, and 1 from Eumops glaucinus. For three of these species (Nyctinomops macrotis, Molossus rufus and Eumops glaucinus) this is the first report of H. capsulatum isolation. Seventy positive bats were from São Paulo (80.5%), ten from Guarulhos City, four from Jundiaí City, two from Os asco City and one from Mogi Mirim City. Sixty-one samples of feces were analised by mouse inoculation test and inoculation in Petri dishes containing Mycosel Agar. Our results showed that the H. capsulatum is present in bat populations Iiving in urban areas. This is an important fact since H. capsulatum contaminated bats can be a source of contamination for people or animais in contact with them. The knowledge of the natural history of histoplasmosis in urban areas may be important for the establishment of prevention strategies.

ASSUNTO(S)

histoplasma capsulatum urban areas histoplasma capsulatum Áreas urbanas morcegos bats

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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