Assistir e vigiar - As ações da vigilância epidemiológica na unidade básica de saúde. Situação atual e perspectivas / Care and Vigilance. The actions of Epidemiological Surveillance at Basic Health Units. Actual situation and perspectives 2003

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2003

RESUMO

Historically, the Information System of Compulsory Notification Diseases has been the main instrument of Epidemiological Surveillance. The diseases that are part of this system have been those that can cause risk to the collective health and, traditionally, are restricted to the transmissible diseases, even though that in the present Guide other circumstances and some chronic degenerative diseases such as cancer and diabetes are incorporated. The sub notifications are one of the main difficulties faced by Epidemiological Surveillance, with varied causes that especially indicate the organization of health services. The discussion and implementation of new care models can contribute to overcome this problem, while adopting the proposal of transforming the present health care system to a system of Health Surveillance, and consequently a system of life care. The Basic Health Network is the place that represents the main access to the health system and where is growing the emphasis not only on medical care but also on its organization as emergency care. Therefore, the Network is the place of care and compulsory notification of diseases as well. Thus, this study was developed in Basic Health Units. The purpose of this work is to analyze how the practice of Epidemiological Surveillance, in Basic Health Units, is performed according to the understanding of local workers. Five Basic Health Units were chosen in the Municipal Health System of the city of Ribeirão Preto, considering the criterion of care production. To achieve this goal, the author used semi-structured interviews conducted with the workers, such as a doctor, a nurse, a nursing assistant and a manager chosen at random in every place of the study, totalizing 20 subjects. They were not divided in professional categories. Results evidenced two meanings to the practice of Epidemiological Surveillance: to control and to prevent, when surveillance is understood as a restricted action to control infectious diseases; and the understanding of care and vigilance, when they are identified as necessary practices to health services, contributing to an integral care, as it is recommended by the Unified Health System in Brazil (SUS), implying a change in the organization of health care. The author recommended the decentralization of the epidemiological Surveillance actions in a local space, as a perspective for that new way of acting in health, guided by a permanent “vigilance” and the communication of promotion, prevention and curative actions, redefining the health work process.

ASSUNTO(S)

assistir epidemiologic vigiar epidemiologia vigilance care

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