Avaliação da incubação e das causas de mortalidade até 90 dias em um criatório de emas (Rhea americana) no Distrito Federal / greater rhea; Rhea americana; incubation; nestling mortality

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

I evaluated the reproductive rate of a conservation center for reproduction of great rheas (Rhea americana) from May 2006, to January 2007. There animals were 14 males and 21 females of reproductive age, over 2 years old. The objective of the study was to compare artificial incubation to natural incubation, and to verify the most important causes of mortality until 90 days of age. A total of 166 eggs were evaluated, 79 of which were artificial incubated and 87 naturally incubated from May to October 2006. The artificial incubation was conducted using an automatic incubator specific for great rheas, which accommodated up to 20 eggs, at 36.5C and 45% humidity. Seven dominant males, at an average of 20.5C ambient temperature and 63% humidity, performed the natural incubation. The data were analyzed using the GLM procedure with software SAS procedure. There was a significant difference between the incubation systems, according to the management procedures in the center concerning contamination rate, embryo development and mortality. The Nestlings from both systems received the same treatment until 90 days of life. Survival rate was 1.29%. There was a significant correlation between eggs weight x born weight (artificial incubation). Other evaluations included fertility rate, the contamination rate, the embryo mortality rate, the development rate and sex ratio (general, artificial incubation, natural incubation). The nestling problems evaluated in both types of incubation (artificial and natural) through necropsy and histology exams were: food (45.10%), management (26.47%), vitelin sac alteration (12.74%), deformities (5.88%), predation (4.90%) and others (4.90%). The adopted management at the center had a significant influence on nestling survival

ASSUNTO(S)

criacao de animais incubação natural incubação artificial mortalidade de filhotes criatório ema

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