Caracterização e comparação de sistemas de embalagem e transporte de mamão Solodestinado ao mercado nacional. / Characterization and comparison of packaging and transport systems of Solo papaya fruits for the domestic market.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The aim of this work was to characterize packaging and transport systems of Solo papaya fruits for the domestic market, and compare them each other, evaluating their consequences in postharvest performance of the papaya transportation from the local production to the wholesale market. A study was carried out in CEAGESP (Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo) to understand the marketing of the product. The papayas commercialized in CEAGESP, stored in cardboard boxes and transported on cooled trucks (system 1) as well as the papayas stored in wooden boxes transported on trucks covered with canvas (system 2) were analyzed in order to identify and characterize the main abiotics and biotics losses from the harvest to the market and to determine the results of each system according to the postharvest procedure. The papayas were taking to the Postharvest Laboratory in Plant Production Department (ESALQ-USP), storage at 23ºC and 80-90% RH, up to full ripening. Solo papaya fruit, Sunrise cultivar, is the most commercialized cultivar in CEAGESP due to its organoleptics characteristics, but it is the Golden papaya the only one which is commercialized in both different packaging and transport systems. The mechanical injuries identified were abrasion, cuts and bruises, in decreasing order of occurrence. It was observed the greatest number of injured fruit in system 2. It was noticed 42% of firmness loss on the third day of storage, for the fruits in system 1 and 63% for the fruits in system 2. On the fourth day of storage, respiratory activity showed average values of 30.4-36.5 mLCO2Kg-1h-1 for fruits in systems 1 and 2, respectively. At the end of the storage, the fruits in system 1 showed higher levels of ascorbic acid than the fruits in system 2. The system 1 showed, in general, higher levels of soluble solids than in system 2. For the appearance sensorial test, the tasters preferred the fruits of the system 1 and were also those who showed less rot incidence. In order to evaluate both systems, the Golden papaya was harvested at early ripening stage from a commercial field in Linhares/ES, and they were submitted to both packaging and transport systems 1 and 2. The fruit was sent to CEAGESP in São Paulo/SP, where they were collected and sent to the laboratory. The average number of injuries per fruit was 3.9 for system 2 and only 1.3 for system 1. The injuries detected for both systems are in the middle region of the fruit and are mostly of small size (up to 1.5 cm). System 2 developed yellow typical color faster, with hue angle 89.6o, whereas system 1 was 92.8. For system 2, the fruits showed firmness under 20N on the third day of storage and on the ninth day for system 1.

ASSUNTO(S)

mamão - qualidade packaging of food perdas agrícolas embalagens de alimentos markets comércio agrícola postharvest damage agricultural trade agricultural losses mercados transpot. transportes. papaya - quality pós-colheita - danos

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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