Cells Persistently Infected with Newcastle Disease Virus: I. Properties of Mutants Isolated from Persistently Infected L Cells

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The strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDVpi) present in persistently infected L cells differed markedly from the Herts strain (NDV0) used to initiate the infection. NDVpi produced small plaques (less than 1 mm) in chick embryo cell cultures, whereas the wild type (NDV0) produced large plaques (2 to 3 mm). The two viruses differed in a number of additional properties. Whereas 80% of adsorbed NDV0 eluted from chicken red blood cells at 37 C, only about 20% of NDVpi was recovered under similar conditions. There was no significant difference in the neuraminidase content of the two viruses. The infectivity of NDV0 was stable for 1 hr at 48 C, whereas 99.9% of the infectivity of NDVpi was destroyed. The two viruses also differed in lethality for chick embryos; NDVpi had significantly reduced lethality for 9-day-old chick embryos when compared to NDV0. In contrast to NDV0, which produced an abortive infection in L cells, NDVpi not only replicated effectively and destroyed these cells, but also induced significantly higher quantities of interferon than did NDV0. These data furnished additional evidence for the lack of relationship of interferon production to abortive infection of L cells with NDV0. In contrast, interferon was found to play a significant role in the maintenance of persistent infection.

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