Growth and quality of Brazilian pine tree seedlings as affected by container type and volume
AUTOR(ES)
Vieira, Leandro Marcolino
FONTE
Ornam. Hortic.
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
28/10/2019
RESUMO
Resumo Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze (Araucariaceae), popularmente conhecida como araucária e pinheiro brasileiro, pode ser cultivada em função de suas sementes comestíveis (pinhões), propriedades medicinais e atributos ornamentais. O objetivo foi avaliar o crescimento de parte aérea e radicular e a qualidade geral de mudas de A. angustifolia cultivadas em recipientes com diferentes tamanhos, formas e composição. As sementes foram plantas em cinco recipientes: I - tubetes de polipropileno de 126cm3 (tubetes pequenos); II - tubetes de polipropileno de 290cm3 (tubetes grandes); III - sacos pretos de polietileno de 879cm3; IV- recipientes de tecido não-tecido (TNT) de 275 cm3 (recipiente pequeno de TNT) e; Recipientes de tecido não-tecido (TNT)de 493 cm3 (recipiente grande de TNT). As mudas foram avaliadas aos 210 dias após a semeadura para a determinação das seguintes variáveis: altura (cm), diâmetro do coleto (mm), massa seca da parte aérea (g), massa seca das raízes (g), massa seca total (g), área foliar (cm2), área de raízes (cm2), volume de raízes (cm3), coeficiente de robustez, razão raiz-parte aérea e índice de qualidade de Dickson. A altura foi superior nas mudas cultivadas nos sacos plásticos (27,6 cm) e nos recipientes grandes de TNT (27,02 cm) quando comparados aos tubetes pequenos e grandes (21,75 e 21,78 cm, respectivamente). Os sacos plásticos também apresentaram maiores valores de diâmetro de coleto, biomassa de parte aérea, raízes, biomassa total e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Recipientes grandes e pequenos de TNT promoveram menores área e volume de raizes quando comparados aos tubetes grandes, mas comportaram o mesmo ou melhor crescimento da parte aérea das mudas. Considerando o conjunto das variáveis, o saco de polietileno promoveu melhor crescimento e qualidade das mudas de pinheiro brasileiro em comparação aos demais recipientes.Abstract Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze (Araucariaceae), commonly known as araucaria and Brazilian pine tree, can be grown for their edible pine nuts (pinhões), medicinal properties, and ornamental purposes. The aim was to assess the shoot and root growth and the overall quality of A. angustifolia seedlings grown in containers with different sizes, shapes and composition. Seeds were sowed in five containers: I – 126cm3 polypropylene cone-tainers (small cone-tainers); II – 290cm3 cone-tainers (large cone-tainers); III – 879cm3 polyethylene black bags; IV- 275 cm3 nonwoven fabric (TNT) containers (small TNT container) and; 493 cm3 nonwoven fabric (TNT) containers (large TNT container). Seedlings were evaluated 210 days after sowing, regarding the following variables: aboveground height (cm), root collar diameter (mm), shoot dry mass (g), roots dry mass (g), total dry mass (g), leaf area (cm2), roots area (cm2), roots volume (cm3), sturdiness quotient, root-shoot ratio and Dickson quality index. Height was superior for seedlings grown in the plastic bags (27.6 cm) and the large TNT containers (27.02 cm) when compared to the small and large cone-tainers (21.75 and 21.78 cm, respectively). Plastic bags also presented greater values of root-collar diameter, shoots, roots and total biomass and Dickson Quality index. Small and large TNT containers promoted lower root area and volume when compared to large polyethylene cone-tainers, but allowed for the same or better aboveground growth. Taking all results analyzed together, the polyethylene black bag promoted better growth and quality of Brazilian pine tree seedlings in comparison to the other containers.
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