Hospedabilidade de plantas medicinais aos nematóides M. javanica e M. incognita

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

The medicinal herb, according to World Health Organization is any plant that has, in one or more of its organs, substances used for therapeutic purposes, or that these substances are the starting point for the synthesis of chemicals and pharmaceuticals, these substances is given the name of active ingredients. Medicinal plants can be attacked by pests, diseases and nematodes, which can compromise the quality and quantity of the curative properties and production. The nematodes are widely distributed in soil, and their communities, composed of several species, complete larger groups that are parasites of plants. Among the species of pathogenic nematodes, one of the most important belong to the genus Meloidogyne Goeldi, 1887, that in addition to direct damages such as the presence of galls and reduction in the number of roots, predispose to fungal and bacterial diseases causing losses in crop yields and may lead to plant death. Some authors emphasize that the cultivation of medicinal plants on commercial basis is confronted with the relative paucity of data on health, especially in nematology. Considering the value of medicinal plants, not only as a treatment but also as a source of economic resources, it is important to understand the reaction of plants to nematodes, since they can host and increase populations of this parasite in the soil and as commit their medical characteristics as a result of parasitism. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reaction of 15 species of medicinal plants to the nematode Meloidogyne spp. The seedlings were prepared at the State University of Londrina in green-house conditions. Reproduction is by seed or cuttings. For the experiment adopted was completely randomized design with 15 treatments and 10 repetitions. Put intro effect on inoculated seedlings after 20 days of transplantation, with approximately 5000 eggs + J2/plant. After 60 to 70 days after inoculation, were measured plant height, and the fresh weight and dry weight of leaves (greenhouse 45°C). The roots were collected, washed thoroughly, and after, were stained with Phloxine B, for subsequent counting of galls per root system. After the roots were processed for extraction of eggs and determining the reproduction factor (RF = number of final eggs / number of initial eggs). The results for M. javanica showed that all plants behaved as resistant, with RF <1, occurring immunity to Mirra, Arruda and Balsamo, who had FR = 0. For M. incognita, the Chamomile was susceptible, with FR = 1.64, considered a good host, the other plants with M. incognita proved resilient, with RF <1.

ASSUNTO(S)

meloidogyne javanica meloidogyne incognita medicinal plants diseases and pests nematoda plantas medicinais - doenças e pragas

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