Lipids, carbohydrates and proteins of cerrado legume seeds / Lipídios, carboidratos e proteínas de sementes de leguminosas do Cerrado

AUTOR(ES)

Mayumi Sasaki

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) is one of the largest biomes in the country, covering about 20 to 25% of the Brazilian territory and housing a wide biodiversity. However, Cerrado vegetation has undergone an increasing degree of aggression. Thus, detailed studies about Cerrado plant species are urgently needed. The aim of this work is to analyse organic nutrients of seeds of representative Cerrado species. Leguminosae is one of the predominant families of the Cerrado flora. Analysis of contents of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins were carried out, involving eight species: Acosmium subelegans, Anadenanthera peregrina var. falcata, Andira laurifolia, Copaifera langsdorfii, Crotalaria flavicoma, Dimorphandra mollis, Hymenaea stigonocarpa e Inga uraguensis. Regarding most species, the seed samples analysed has low oil contents and the fatty acid compositions are characterized by the predominance of linoleic acid. A trend was observed toward high levels of saturated fatty acids, mainly palmitic acid. Acosmium subelegans showed the highest lipid content (13%), comparable to lupin seeds, and its fatty acid composition was similar to sunflower, sesame and corn oils. All samples analysed contain relatively high amounts of total soluble sugar (5-10%), which include oligosaccharides. Starch contents of most samples were low (below 1%), except for Inga uraguensis (17,86%) and Andira laurifolia (56,27%). The latter value is similar to those reported for commom seed foods, such as beans, peas and lentils. Crude protein contents ranged from 9 to 30%, the species with higher values being Crotalaria flavicoma (25%), Acosmium subelegans (28,34%) and Anadenanthera peregrina var. falcata (30,35%). The protein content of seeds of these species are similar and even higher than those reported for commonly cultivated legumes, such as bean, lentil, pea and peanut, although lower than soybean content. Several antinutritional and toxic components are frequent in Leguminosae seeds, so that the presence of these substances has to be considered before any suggestion regarding utilization of these species in human and animal nutrition may be put forward.

ASSUNTO(S)

cerrado lipids leguminosae lipídios açúcares leguminosae proteínas cerrado proteins carbohydrates

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