Mechanism of action and NAD+-binding mode revealed by the crystal structure of l-histidinol dehydrogenase

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

The National Academy of Sciences

RESUMO

The histidine biosynthetic pathway is an ancient one found in bacteria, archaebacteria, fungi, and plants that converts 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate to l-histidine in 10 enzymatic reactions. This pathway provided a paradigm for the operon, transcriptional regulation of gene expression, and feedback inhibition of a pathway. l-histidinol dehydrogenase (HisD, EC 1.1.1.23) catalyzes the last two steps in the biosynthesis of l-histidine: sequential NAD-dependent oxidations of l-histidinol to l-histidinaldehyde and then to l-histidine. HisD functions as a homodimer and requires the presence of one Zn2+ cation per monomer. We have determined the three-dimensional structure of Escherichia coli HisD in the apo state as well as complexes with substrate, Zn2+, and NAD+ (best resolution is 1.7 Å). Each monomer is made of four domains, whereas the intertwined dimer possibly results from domain swapping. Two domains display a very similar incomplete Rossmann fold that suggests an ancient event of gene duplication. Residues from both monomers form the active site. Zn2+ plays a crucial role in substrate binding but is not directly involved in catalysis. The active site residue His-327 participates in acid-base catalysis, whereas Glu-326 activates a water molecule. NAD+ binds weakly to one of the Rossmann fold domains in a manner different from that previously observed for other proteins having a Rossmann fold.

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados