Melhoramento vegetal participativo com ênfase na eficiência nutricional.

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

Planaltina

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2011

RESUMO

ABSTRACT: Participatory plant breeding uses a concept that joint formal (official researches institutions) and informal sector (farmers communities), combining the capabilities and the knowledge of both, and farmer's experiences, practices, and preferences. The goal is to join the yield improvement exploring the availabel farmer's agrobiodiversity and introduction new sources of genetic materials. Another goal is to develop the farmer's capability to select and to interchange seeds. Generally, participatory breeding has been used in areas under stress conditions. These areas are usually related with agriculture of subsistence, where farmer's do not have funds to buy seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides. Small farmers need varieties adapted to their specific local conditions and these materials can reduce the cost of production. The objective of this work was to present a review about different approaches in genetic plant breeding and the concept of participatory breeding. Besides, it describes a pionner work in participatory breeding in Brazil carried out with farmers belonging to the settlement "Sol da Manhã" (Seropédica, State of Rio de Janeiro). Low levels of nitrogen in soils are the main local stress condition. The result of this experience was the development and the release of the maize variety "Sol da Manhã".

ASSUNTO(S)

melhoramento genético vegetal genética vegetal milho zea mays variedade produtividade plant breeding genetics maize varieties crop yield

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