"Modelagem numérica dos processos de remoção úmida de poluentes atmosféricos: estudo de caso para a região amazônica (Rondônia)" / In-cloud and below-cloud numerical simulations of scavenging processes at Amazon Basin during LBA-SMOCC

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The scavenging processes of chemical species have been studied using numerical modeling in order to understand the gases and particulate matter intra-reservoir transferences (natural or anthropogenic) which affect weather and climate. In this study RAMS model was used in turn to simulate cloud vertical structure formed over Amazonian area working together to B.V.2 scavenging model. The last model was used to simulate the in- and below-cloud scavenging processes, besides the local atmospheric conditions within the LBA Project. In this Project, there were evaluated many measurements of LBA/DRY-TO-WET and LBA/SMOCC (September to November) Campaigns at Rondonia State. During the Campaigns, ammonia, nitric acid and sulfur dioxide gases were evaluated and their respective particulate matter, ammonium, nitrate and sulfate, among others, as well as rainwater chemistry. These concentrations and meteorological parameters were also obtained, during the transition from dry to wet season, and used as input data to the both modeling, where some events were chosen. With the intention of modeling improvement, cloud droplet spectra were used from Levine &Schwartz, 1982 and gamma functions, according to each case and based on the droplet distribution obtained from flight collected data during the field Campaign. Consequently, this work simulated the rainwater concentrations of three chemical species (SO42-, NO3- e NH4+) scavenged from atmosphere by the precipitation event and compared to the observed data of two selected events (9 and 10 October 2002). RAMS atmospheric simulations presented satisfactory results which showed detailed cloud microphysics processes of Amazonian region. The modeling results show good agreement of observed data, mainly to sulfate, reaching 97% of the observed sulfate for both events, when the cloud height was considered more realistic for the region (16 km). Besides, the cloud droplet spectra were an important parameter to the modeling. The results also showed that the in-cloud process is responsible by 80% to 97% of the chemical species found in rainwater. Additionally, it was clear that the complexity of the interaction and intra-reservoir transferences through the scavenging processes and their importance.

ASSUNTO(S)

aerosol atmospheric pollution remoção de poluentes deposição úmida aerossol aerosol scavenging wet deposition poluição atmosférica

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