Nutrição pós-eclosão de frangos de corte / Post-hatch nutrition of broiler chickens
AUTOR(ES)
Gilson Alexandre Gomes
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2007
RESUMO
It were performed two experiments with the aim of evaluate the effects of posthatch nutrition of broiler chickens. In the first trial were evaluated the effects of feeding a pre-starter diet (PSD) on duodenal morphology (DM), live performance (LP), and carcass yield (CY). Nine hundred and sixty day-old male Cobb-500 broiler, with two different weights at housing (until 42 g and more than 45 g) were placed in 32 floor pens, and then submitted to four different periods of feeding a PSD (0, 1 to 7 days, 1 to 10 days and 1 to 14 days), totalizing 8 treatments with 4 replications of 30 birds each. In the second trial were evaluated the effects of feeding different hatchling supplements (HS) for different periods on breast muscle satellite cell mitotic activity (SCMA), alometric growth of digestive organs, DM, LP, and CY of broiler chickens up to 42 days. One thousand and two hundred and eighty day-old male Cobb-500 broiler were used on a 2x2x2 factorial study (two different weights at hatch :until 44 g and more than 49 g; two HS: 8% of crude protein and 16% of carbohydrates - HS 8/16 - or 10% of crude protein and 20% of carbohydrates - HS 10/20; two feeding periods of HS: 24 or 48h), totalizing 8 treatments with 4 replications of 40 birds each. Additionally, it were housed 160 male chicks from the same broiler breeder flock, of 49g of mean weight at hatch, which were submitted to 24h fasting prior to placement. The animals of both experiments were fed with basal corn-soy pre-starter/starter/grower/finisher diets. All data were analyzed using SASs GLM procedures, and significance were measured at p<0,05 using Tukeys multiple range test to determine differences between treatments means. Overall, heavier birds at hatch/housing caused significative effect on LP, presenting decreased villus height, and an increased body weight. The birds that were fed with the PSD up to 7 days presented an increased LP, and a smaller CY. Chicks which were fasted for 24h presented a better development of DM on the post-hatch period, showing a compensatory growth. Both HS were efficient on minimize the chicks weight loss prior to placement, however birds that were fed with 10/20 HS showed satisfactory effects not only on DM but also an increased breast meat yield. However, the period of feeding of HS should be as small as possible, because this supplement is not capable to supply efficiently the nutritional requirements of newly hatched chicks.
ASSUNTO(S)
duodenal morphology performance satellite cells suplementos pós-eclosão células satélites desempenho day-old chick weight hatchling supplement peso do pintainho dieta pré-inicial morfologia duodenal pre-starter diet
