Perfil longitudinal de CAE s : flutuações, simulação híbrida e a dependência de modelos de interações hadrônicas

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2002

RESUMO

The goal of this thesis is present a fast one dimensional hybrid method by Monte Carlo scheme to efficiently simulate the longitudinal development of extensive air showers up to the highest observed energies (>10 18eV). Based on precalculated pion showers and a bootstrap technique, the method predicts the average shower profile, the number of muons at detector level above several en-ergy thresholds as well as the investigation of many air shower properties and the influence of the hadronic interaction models on shower observables. The hybrid method allows the collection of sufficiently high Monte Carlo statistics without losing important information about the fluctuations of the electromagnetic and hadronic components of the shower. This thesis is structured as follows. Chapter one intends to provide a brief explanation about cosmic rays, obstacles in cosmic rays investigation and detection, and how such cosmic particles might generate extensive showers in the atmosphere. In chapter two it supplies the necessary physics to understand very carefully this atmospheric phenomenon and its longitudinal development. Chapter three describes the hybrid method, demonstrates the self-consistency of the method, and shows some possible applications. It is applied the hybrid method to proton induced showers at fixed energy up to 1020;5 eV providing predictions from different hadronic interaction models. In addition the elongation rate theorem is discussed in terms of the different hadronic models and their influence on shower evolution in the atmosphere. An alternative muon multiplicity parametrization is also investigated. Chapter four summarizes the results, examining some weak points and important applications as well as further investigations

ASSUNTO(S)

interações eletromagneticas eletrons interações hadronicas kaons chuveiros de raios cosmicos metodo de monte carlo - simulação pions particulas (fisica nuclear)

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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