"Prevalência de úlcera de pressão em pacientes críticos internados em um hospital escola" / "Prevalence of pressure ulcer in critical patients hospitalized in a university hospital"

AUTOR(ES)

Marilda Carvalho de Sene Cardoso

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

Hospitalized critical patients have a high risk of developing pressure ulcers (PU), which are many times considered iatrogeny. Therefore, there is a need for prevalence studies in order to identify the initial situation in the hospital to then establish an action plan for intervention. To reach this goal, this study was accomplished in a retrospective way at a university hospital in Minas Gerais State. A total of 234 critical patients records were reviewed after the approval by the institution’s Research Ethics Committee. Patients were considered critical if they had been hospitalized in the Intensive Therapy Unit (ITU). The collected data referred to the whole hospitalization period, including the previous and subsequent time at ITU. Most patients were male (61.5%) and white (65.4%), and the most frequent diseases were those related to the circulatory system (37.6%). Most were aged between 21 and 49 years old (36.8%), and 32.5% were aged over 65 years. The PU prevalence was 25.6%. From the 60 patients with PU, 30.0% had presented PU before the admission at the ITU, 55.0% during the hospitalization at the ITU, and 10% after leaving the ITU. The mean time of hospitalization was 21.17 days (DP 19.67). The mean time of hospitalization in ITU was 8.62 days (DP 14.78). From the total of patients, 105 (44.9%) died during the hospitalization, demonstrating the severity of this population’s health conditions. The Chi-Square Test identified the presence of an association (α=0,05) between PU and age equal or over 65 years of age. The longer the patient stayed in the hospital, the higher the probability of death. There are recommendations for the use of Braden’s Scale to help the professional nurse in the identification of patients that present risks of developing PU. Such preventive measures contribute to a better quality of life, lower costs, and more efficiency to the professional’s work.

ASSUNTO(S)

unidades de terapia intensiva intensive care units prevalence úlcera de pressão fatores de risco risk factors prevalência pressure ulcer (decubitus ulcer)

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