Resposta do maracujazeiro amarelo (Passiflora edulis Sins var. flavicarpa Deg) a lâminas de irrigação e doses de adubação potássica. / Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sins var. flavicarpa Deg.) response to irrigation water depths and potassium levels.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2002

RESUMO

To study the effects of irrigation water depths and potassium levels applied by drip fertigation on the development, yield and fruit quality of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sins var. flavicarpa Deg) a trial was carried out from May 2000 to May 2001 in the experimental area of the Department of Rural Engineering of ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba, São Paulo. Experiment was conducted in a split-plot scheme with 3 randomized blocks and 5 treatments with levels of potassium, where K2O varied from zero (control) to 0.800 kg per plant, applied fractionally by drip fertigation and 4 irrigation water depths, which varied from 63.3 to 220.5 mm and were defined as fractions of the average evapotranspiration measured in four drainage lysimeters. There was a significant effect of the water depths over stem diameter and leaf area of the yellow passion fruit. There was not effects of the treatments on the internodes length. Fruit weight, juice density, skin thickness and the juice yield were significantly affected by irrigation water depths, potassium levels and by the interaction between these factors. Treatments did not significantly affect the total soluble solids, pH and total titratable acidity of the juice. Fruit length was significantly affected by the interaction between the water depths and potassium levels and there was not significant effect of the treatments on the fruit diameter. Concentrations of potassium, magnesium and manganese in leaves were significantly influenced by the irrigation water depths and potassium levels. Boron and iron concentrations were affected only by the interaction between the water depths and potassium levels. Treatments also did not affect the nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, sulphur, cooper and zinc concentrations in leaves. Significant effect was observed on the marketable yield, with a maximum value of 14102 kg.ha-1, which was obtained when 118.5 mm of water and zero potassium was applied. Minimum value, 8734 kg.ha-1, was reached when 171.5 mm of water and 0.400 kg K2O per plant were applied. Non-marketable yield showed a quadratic reduction tendency with potassium levels increasing. Total yield of fruits was significantly influenced by treatments and the maximum, 14806 kg.ha-1, was obtained by applying 118.5 mm of water and zero potassium and the minimum, 8879 kg.ha-1, with 171.5 mm of water and 0.400 kg K2O per plant.

ASSUNTO(S)

maracujá potássicos fertilizers fertirrigação fertilizantes potássicos irrigation for dripping irrigação por gotejamento

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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