Respostas de bovinos de corte à suplementação energética em pastos de capim-marandu submetidos a intensidades de pastejo rotativo durante o verão / Beef cattle responses to energetic supplementation on Marandu palisadegrass pastures subjected to rotational grazing with different stubble heights during the summer

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Adequate grazing management and supplementation practices can increase yield and economical competitiveness of the production system. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the performance of beef cattle on Brachiaria brizantha pastures (Marandu palisadegrass) subjected to rotational grazing managed with different stubble heights (10 vs 15cm), using an energetic supplement fed as 0 vs 0.6% LBW, from December 22nd of 2005 to May 25th of 2006. One hundred and fifty three cross breed non castrated calves were used (80 testers, and 70 stocking rate adjusters), averaging 220 kg of LBW, and 8 months old. The experimental area included 8.5 ha of Brachiaria brizantha pastures divided in four subareas, having 8 paddocks each, averaging 2650 m2. Resting intervals were different for each paddock, in order to achieve the target of grazing management: 25 cm of sward height at pre-grazing (equivalent to 95% interception of the incident light) and 10 or 15 cm at post-grazing, according to the treatment. Pastures were fertilized with 150 kg ha-1 of potassium chloride, 400 kg ha-1of superphosphate, and 30 kg ha-1 of FTE-BR12 (micronutrients) on October of 2005, prior to the experimental period. During the study, 2.5 kg of N ha-1day-1 were used right after grazing, with the resting period of the preceding cycle being used as criteria for the amount of N to be applied. The variables evaluated were: average daily gain (kg of LBW day-1), stocking rate (AU ha-1 period-1), system yield (kg of LBW ha-1 day-1), herbage mass on pre, and post grazing (kg DM ha-1), the morphological traits (stem, leaf, and senescent material percentages on the samples), and the nutritive value of the grazing horizon herbage. The supplemented animals gained an extra of 0.4 kg of LBW head-1 day -1 when compared to non supplemented, for both stubble height treatments. The animals kept on non supplement treatment with a 10 cm stubble height showed a low daily gain, of only 0.44 kg head-1. The supplementation of these animals promoted a satisfactory daily gain of 0.84 kg head-1. Supplementation increased on 14% the stocking rate (AU ha-1) of pastures managed with a 10 cm stubble height. The 15 cm stubble height treatment allowed higher daily gains for each animal, in both cases, supplemented, and non supplemented. However the highest stocking rates, and yield (ADG ha-1) were observed on the supplemented animals kept on 10 cm stubble height. For growing animals kept on well managed tropical pastures, energetic supplementation on a 0.6% of LBW amount improves daily gain, stocking rate, meat production per area, and assures a minimum weight that allows profitable finishing on a feedlot right after the growing period on pasture.

ASSUNTO(S)

wet season verão beef cattle marandu palisadegrass stubble height suplemento energéticos para animais supplementation grazing period capim-marandu bovinos de corte pastejo

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