Spatial discretization influence on flood modeling using unit hydrograph theory
AUTOR(ES)
Steinmetz, Alice Alonzo
FONTE
RBRH
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
04/04/2019
RESUMO
RESUMO O Hidrograma Unitário (HU) é o método mais popular para aplicações relacionadas a cheias. Existem vários modelos conceituais e geomorfológicos baseados no HU e acoplados a diferentes discretizações espaciais. No entanto, existem poucos estudos sobre a avaliação de modelos de HU de acordo com abordagens semi-distribuídas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da modelagem concentrada e semi-distribuída na aplicabilidade do HU do Soil Conservation Service (HU SCS) e do HU Instantâneo de Clark (HUI de Clark) na estimativa de hidrogramas de cheias. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram conduzidos no Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) utilizando os eventos chuva-vazão de uma bacia hidrográfica monitorada no sul do Brasil. As principais conclusões foram: a) o HUIC na abordagem semi-distribuída proporcionou desempenho ligeiramente superior; b) o HUIC foi capaz de estimar efetivamente os hidrogramas de escoamento superficial direto mesmo para eventos de chuva de longa duração; c) o HU SCS apresentou hidrogramas mais precisos para modelagem concentrada; d) o algoritmo de Nelder e Mead pode ter aplicação limitada.ABSTRACT The Unit Hydrograph (UH) is the most popular method for flood related applications. There are several conceptual and geomorphological models based on UH and coupled with different spatial discretizations. However, there are few studies concerning the evaluation of UH models according to semi-distributed approaches. This study aimed to assess the influence of lumped and semi-distributed modeling on the applicability of Soil Conservation Service UH (SCS UH) and Clark’s Instantaneous UH (Clark’s IUH) for estimation of flood hydrographs. The methodological procedures were conducted in the Hydrological Modeling System (HEC-HMS) using rainfall-runoff events of a gauged watershed in Southern Brazil. The main conclusions were: a) CIUH under the semi-distributed approach provided slightly superior performance; b) CIUH was able to effectively estimate the direct surface runoff hydrographs even for long duration rainfall events; c) SCS UH presented more accurate hydrographs for lumped modeling; d) the Nelder and Mead algorithm may have limited application.
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